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Convalescent Plasma Therapy and COVID-19 Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- S&T Basis of the Therapy: The convalescent plasma therapy seeks to make use of the antibodies developed in the recovered patient against the coronavirus. The whole blood or plasma from such people is taken, and the plasma is then injected in critically ill patients so that the antibodies are transferred and boost their fight against the virus. Time Period f
Improved Air Quality during COVID-19 Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Environment The nationwide lockdown, to prevent COVID-19, has led to minimal air pollution in over 90 cities including Delhi. Environmentalists have welcomed the reduction in pollution and have urged the government to treat it as a wake-up call and stop the development at the cost of the environment. Key Points During the lockdown, the government has asked the people to avoid unnecess
FRBM Act Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Economics Recently, the State government of Kerala has sought flexibility under the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act. This is to ensure that fiscal stimulus in the wake of COVID-19 does not get deterred by FRBM considerations. Reasons for Seeking Flexibility According to Kerala’s current fiscal position, Kerala can borrow about? 25,000 crore during the financial year 2020-21. Kerala
Himalayan Ibex Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Environment A recent study by scientists of the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) has proved that Himalayan Ibex is a distinct species from the Siberian Ibex. Key Points The study was funded through the National Mission on Himalayan Studies. The National Mission on Himalayan Studies is implemented by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. It targets to provide much needed focus
Volatility index Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Econo VIX (Volatility index) is an index used to measure the near term volatility expectations of the markets. Volatility signifies the rate and magnitude of change in the stock price or index value. The movement in the VIX index reflects the overall market volatility expectations over the next 30 days. Given the nature of the index, it is also known as ‘fear gauge’ or ‘fea
Looking beyond just diagnosis and quarantine Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III S&T The author of the article calls for greater attention towards the development of therapeutic options against epidemics in India. Background: The world has suffered numerous pandemics and COVID-19 will certainly not be the last. Future pandemics are a certainty. Ebola, Zika, Nipah, SARS, MERS, H1N1 and COVID-19 are some of the viral diseases. Unlike bacterial infections such as ch
Global Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Development Hub – Antibiotic resistance Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Health (S&T) Antibiotic resistance is not a problem that can be solved by any one country or even one region. Since, we live in a connected world, where people, animals and food travel and microbes travel with them, a global action is essential to make progress in the long run. Increasing public awareness and understanding is therefore the most crucial pillar
Can drugs for Ebola be used to treat COVID-19? Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- S&T Medical research towards the development of drugs and vaccines against the coronavirus infection – COVID 19. Background: The virus, SARS-CoV-2, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), has caused the world’s largest pandemic. Over six lakh are infected and nearly 29,000 dead globally. In India, the number of cases is growing despite the unpreceden
Kerala sought a relaxation of FRBM rules Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Economics Kerala is seeking relaxation from the provisions of the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act. Kerala Economic package: Kerala had announced an economic package of 20,000 crore rupees to mitigate the impact on livelihoods and overall economic activity from the steps taken to battle the COVID-19 pandemic. To help fund the emergency relief package, Kerala proposes to
Review 2019: Ministry of Science & Technology Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- S&T Atal Jai Anusandhan Biotech Mission - Undertaking Nationally Relevant Technology Innovation (UNaTI) It is expected to transform the Health, Agriculture and Energy sectors during the next 5 years. This mission includes the following missions- GARBH-ini - A Mission to promote Maternal and Child Health and develop prediction tools for preterm birth. IndCEPI - A Mission to devel
IndiGen Genome project Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- S&T Details of the IndiGen Genome project, conducted by CSIR, were recently announced. The initiative was implemented by the CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Delhi and CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad. Significance, outcomes and benefits of the project: The outcomes of the IndiGen will have applications in a number of areas including&nb
DNA Technology- Bill Analysis Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- S&T This bill allows the use of DNA Technology for establishing the identity of persons in matters of crime, parentage disputes, immigration and transplantation of human organs. Provisions of the Bill The Bill regulates DNA testing for identification of persons under the Indian Penal Code, 1860, the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956, the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971 and the Motor Vehicles Act, 198
Initiatives to Fight Coronavirus – Part-2 Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Health I. India is all set to join the World Health Organisation’s (WHO) Solidarity Trial which aims at rapid global search for drugs to treat COVID-19. Key Points India has stayed away from the multi-country trial till now due to its small sample size. It will express its interest to participate in the trial for the Indian population when it feels that the time is
Initiatives to Fight Coronavirus Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Health I. Recently, the Government has developed a platform which will host webinars by All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) doctors for healthcare workers across the country. It has also developed an app that will trace the paths of COVID-19 positive patients, serving as a warning to possible contacts. Key Points Chat Boxes on Facebook and WhatsApp have been set up by the
Humanoid robot tested Part of: GS Prelims and GS III – Science and Technology A series of trials were conducted on a humanoid robot at a government hospital in Jaipur. Key takeaways: The trials were carried out to check if robot could be used for delivering medicines and food to the COVID-19 patients admitted there. If approved, the robot would help in keeping the doctors and nursing staff at a safe distance to protect them against the dreaded
Pandemics of the world Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Health COVID-19 is the most recent disease which was declared as pandemic by the World Health Organization. Difference between Epidemic Vs Pandemic Epidemic is a term that is often broadly used to describe any problem that has grown out of control. An epidemic is defined as "an outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects an exceptionally high proportion of the population."2? An epid
Laser Surface Micro-Texturing Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- S&T The International Advanced Centre for Powder Metallurgy & New Materials (ARCI) has developed ultrafast laser surface texturing technology, which can improve the fuel efficiency of internal combustion engines. The technology helps to control friction and wear. Key Points Laser surface micro-texturing offers precise control of the size, shape and density of micro-surface texture features. In thi
107th Indian Science Congress Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- S&T Recently, the Prime Minister has inaugurated 107th Indian Science Congress. It is scheduled to take place between January 3-7, at the University of Agricultural Sciences (UAS) in Bengaluru, Karnataka. Key Points The theme of the congress for 2020 is “Science & Technology: Rural Development”. Indian Science Congress is a major focal point for scien
RRB and COVID-19 Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Economics Recently, the Centre has approved a ?1,340-crore recapitalisation plan for Regional Rural Banks (RRBs). The move is crucial to ensure liquidity in rural areas during the lockdown due to the COVID-19 crisis. Key Points This recapitalisation (a strategy of enhancing the financial base of an entity to overcome a rough financial situation) would improve their capital-to-risk weighted assets ratio (CRAR)&nbs
Economic package during COVID-19 Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Economics The Union Finance & Corporate Affairs Minister Smt. Nirmala Sitharaman announced Rs 1.70 Lakh Crore relief package under Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana for the poor to help them fight the battle against Corona Virus. While addressing the press conference here, Smt. Sitharaman said “Today’s measures are intended at reaching out to the poorest of the poor, with food and money in hands, so that the
Waste management and Legacy Waste Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Environment The Environment Ministry has revised Solid Waste Management Rules after 16 years. The Rules are now applicable beyond municipal areas and will extend to urban agglomerations, census towns, notified industrial townships, areas under the control of Indian Railways, airports, airbase, port and harbour, defence establishments, special economic zones, State and Central government organization
Rebate of State and Central Taxes and Levies (RoSCTL) The Union Cabinet has given its approval for the continuation of the Rebate of State and Central Taxes and Levies (RoSCTL) from 1st April 2020 onward until it is merged with the Remission of Duties and Taxes on Exported Products (RoDTEP). Continuation of RoSCTL beyond 31st March 2020 is expected to make the textile sector competitive by rebating all taxes/levies which are currently not being rebated under
Global Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Development Hub – Antibiotic resistance Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Health (S&T) Antibiotic resistance is not a problem that can be solved by any one country or even one region. Since, we live in a connected world, where people, animals and food travel and microbes travel with them, a global action is essential to make progress in the long run. Increasing public awareness and understanding is therefore the most crucial pillar
Quantum Supremacy Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- S&T Recently, Google’s quantum computer, named Sycamore, claimed “quantum supremacy”, as it reportedly did the task in 200 seconds that would have apparently taken a supercomputer 10,000 years to complete. What is “quantum supremacy”? The phrase “quantum supremacy” was coined in 2012 by John Preskill. Quantum supremacy refe
Red Panda Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- Environment Hunting of Red Panda has decreased as per study by wildlife trade monitoring network TRAFFIC, indicative of the success of awareness campaigns. Red panda is endemic to the temperate forests of the Himalayas. Native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China. It is arboreal, feeds mainly on bamboo, but also eats eggs, birds, and insects Habitat: Sikkim, Assam, Meghalaya, Wes
CORD BLOOD BANKING Part of: GS Prelims and GS-III- S&T Recently there has been growing concern regarding the aggressively promoted concept of cord blood banking. Key Points Over the past decade, stem cell banking has been aggressively marketed even as its use is still in experimental stages. The stem cell banking companies get access to data of to-be parents and start approaching their prospective customers much before the delivery and offer competitive packages.
Currency swap agreement Syllabus subtopic: Effects of Liberalization on the Economy, Changes in Industrial Policy and their Effects on Industrial Growth. Prelims and Mains focus: on the currency swap agreement and its significance News: Reserve Bank of India (RBI) governor made a case for international multilateral agencies like the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to launch currency swaps for countries affected by the spread of COVID-19, also known as cor
National Technical Research Organisation (NTRO) Syllabus subtopic: Challenges to Internal Security through Communication Networks, Role of Media and Social Networking Sites in Internal Security Challenges, Basics of Cyber Security Prelims and Mains focus: on the cyber security threat concerning India; on NTRO News: Although India is the fifth most important target of cyber threats, the country does not focus enough on security during the technology development process, National Technica
Syllabus subtopic: Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, Robotics, Nano-technology, Bio-technology and issues relating to Intellectual Property Rights. Prelims and Mains focus: about cryptocurrencies: merits and demerits News: In April 2018, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) had barred regulated entities such as banks from dealing in bitcoins and other virtual currencies. The Supreme Court has now lifted the restriction. What exactly are cryptocur
Internet Shutdowns in India Syllabus subtopic: Challenges to Internal Security through Communication Networks, Role of Media and Social Networking Sites in Internal Security Challenges, Prelims and Mains focus: about the study and its key findings; trends in internet shutdowns in India News: Data on internet shutdowns in India is available in the public domain and compiled by Software Freedom Law Centre (SFLC). Key findings The number of preventive
NRIs permitted to own 100% stake in Air India Syllabus subtopic: Effects of Liberalization on the Economy, Changes in Industrial Policy and their Effects on Industrial Growth. Prelims and Mains focus: about the move to privatize Air India and its significance; about Air India News: The Union cabinet approved a proposal to let non-resident Indians (NRIs) own up to a 100% stake in Air India Ltd as the government attempts to make a success of its second attempt to compl
Syllabus subtopic: Conservation, Environmental Pollution and Degradation, Environmental Impact Assessment. Prelims and Mains focus: about the study and its findings; about black carbon News: A study by scientists at the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology (WIHG) was recently released. About the study The team of scientists from WIHG measured variations of black carbon concentration at Chirbasa, near the Gangotri glacier in the Indian Himalaya, and locat
Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs) Syllabus subtopic: Indian Economy and issues relating to Planning, Mobilization of Resources, Growth, Development and Employment. Prelims and Mains focus: about the scheme and its benefits; about LLPs and their advantages News: The government is set to introduce an amnesty scheme for Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) firms for delays in mandatory filings which could benefit 20-25 per cent of the 1.25 lakh LLPs registered in the country. Aim:
Long-term Repo Operations (LTRO) Syllabus subtopic: Indian Economy and issues relating to Planning, Mobilization of Resources, Growth, Development and Employment. Prelims and Mains focus: about LTRO: features and significance News: The Reserve Bank of India had received Rs.1.71 lakh crore in the third long-term repo operation (LTRO) conducted for an amount of Rs.25,000 crore. The central bank received 66 bids in the three-year tenor LTRO, which has a reversal date on
KrOOk vulnerability Syllabus subtopic: Basics of Cyber Security Prelims and Mains focus: about KrOOk and its threat News: At the RSA 2020 security conference in San Francisco, security researchers from Slovak antivirus company ESET will present details about a new vulnerability that impacts WiFi communications. What is it? Named Kr00k, this bug can be exploited by an attacker to intercept and decrypt some type of WiFi network traffic (relying on WPA2 connections).
Syllabus subtopic: Conservation, Environmental Pollution and Degradation, Environmental Impact Assessment. Prelims and Mains focus: about the new list of migratory species; about CMS; about ZSI News: With new additions to the wildlife list put out by the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species (CMS), scientists say that the total number of migratory fauna from India comes to 457 species. Birds comprise 83% (380 species) of this figure. Backgroun
Syllabus subtopic: Conservation, Environmental Pollution and Degradation, Environmental Impact Assessment. Prelims and Mains focus: about the study and its key findings News: A survey regarding water situation in Himalayan regions was recently published in the latest edition of the journal Water Policy. About the survey The researchers surveyed 13 towns across Bangladesh, Nepal, India and Pakistan to understand the challenges of the urban denizens of the
01 Feb,2024
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