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IIT Delhi team makes first hi-res landslide risk map for India. Landslide Susceptibility Landslide susceptibility is the likelihood of a landslide occurrence in an area depend on the terrain condition. It is an estimate of where landslides will have occurred. Relative susceptibility to land sliding is used as a measure of the potential hazard within an area. It is applicable to regions with different geomorphologic and vegetation characteristics. National Landslide Susceptibility Mapping (NLSM) programme Geological Survey of India has launched and undertook a national programme on landslide susceptibility mapping with an aim to cover the 0.42 million sq. km landslide…
08 January, 2024
Indian Geography
The Pir Panjal (South) in the Jammu sector has in recent months, witnessed more operational activity and presence of terrorists. It is located in the northern Indian subcontinent. The Pir Panjal Range is part of the Western Himalayas and is principally in the disputed Kashmir region. It extends from the Nilam (Kishanganga) River in the western Azad Kashmir area, through southwestern Jammu & Kashmir union territory, to the upper Beas River in northwestern Himachal Pradesh. Azad Kashmir is an area administered by Pakistan. Rising sharply to an average elevation of more than 13,000 feet, it separates the Jammu Hills to…
29 December, 2023
Indian Geography
Tamil Nadu has witnessed heavy rainfall in December 2023. What is the rainfall pattern in Tamil Nadu? Weather conditions – The state is vulnerable to extreme weather conditions, while coastal districts experience flooding, other areas experience severe droughts. According to IMD, from the year 1951 to 2013, Tamil Nadu has received 47 normal, 8 excess, 6 deficient, and 2 scanty rainfall over a period of time. Annual rainfall – About 987mm with a range varying from 317.4 mm to 1890.5 mm over the 63 years period (1951-2013). While Nilgiris receives the maximum average annual rainfall, Thoothukkudi and Karur receive the least. Coefficient of variation in annual rainfall – It lies in the…
28 December, 2023
Indian Geography
Goa Liberation Day is celebrated on December 19th every year. It marks the day in 1961 when India reclaimed the coastal state from centuries of Portuguese rule. On December 19, 1961, Goa officially became part of India and was declared as a Union Territory along with Daman and Diu after a military operation called "Operation Vijay".
26 December, 2023
Indian Geography
The Valparai plateau is situated in the Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu. It is surrounded on all sides by protected areas Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Parambikulam Tiger Reserve and Eravikulam National Park. Valparai is known for its tea and coffee plantations, around 7-8 national and international companies spread over 54 tea and coffee estates in Valparai.
18 December, 2023
Indian Geography
Perur- Sundakamuthur Lake or Perur Lake located in the southwestern edges of Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. This Lake Stores the water from Noyaal River and distributes to the other lakes in the surrounding lakes of Coimbatore. The Perur Lake Forum has conducted a 6-year study on the decline of water birds in urban wetlands.
29 November, 2023
Indian Geography
Recently, an under-construction Silkyara-Barkot tunnel in Uttarakhand collapsed trapping 40 workers inside. Silkyara-Barkot Tunnel Location- The 4.5-km tunnel is being constructed between Silkyara and Dandalgaon on the Brahmakhal-Yamunotri portion of the National Highway. It is a part of the Char Dhamall-weather road project connecting 4 sacred sites of Hindus. Chardham Mahamarg Vikas Pariyojana is a Central government initiative to improve the road connectivity of 4 sacred sites in Uttarakhand - Gangotri, Yamunotri, Kedarnath and Badrinath. Aim- To upgrade and widen the 1100 km of highways into all-weather roads. What are the possible reasons for the collapse of the tunnel? The collapsed section…
22 November, 2023
Indian Geography
According to a new study, deforestation in the Maritime Continent (MC) can strengthen subtropical El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dynamics, causing more Central Pacific and multi-year ENSOs. ENSO is an important climate phenomenon on Earth due to its ability to change the global atmospheric circulation, which in turn influences temperature and precipitation across the globe. Geography – A region around Southeast Asia between the Indian and Pacific oceans (Indonesia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea and 1000’s of islands and many seas). Climate – It is the warmest large span of ocean in the world, with an average temperature of about 82 degrees Fahrenheit. A lot of water evaporates and carried…
20 November, 2023
Indian Geography
The Silkyara tunnel connects the villages of Silkyara and Dandalgaonin in Uttarakhand. It is part of the Chardham project of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. The tunnel aims to reduce the distance between 2 major pilgrim sites Yamunotri and Gangotri in Uttarakhand. The tunnel collapsed recently trapping at least 40 workers inside.
17 November, 2023
Indian Geography
Operation Blue Freedom A team of eight persons with disabilities created a new world record for the “largest number of people with disabilities” to scale the world’s highest battlefield, Siachen Glacier, by scaling up to the Kumar Post at an altitude of 15,632 ft. The team with disabilities was trained and led by CLAW Global, a team of Special Forces veterans who had left the service due to disabilities. The expedition team climbed a total distance of 60 km atop the spine of the Siachen Glacier over a period of five days from September 7 to finally reach Kumar Post…
14 September, 2021
Indian Geography
Monsoon prediction for 2021 Introduction A good monsoon will aid agriculture, now one of the few bright spots in the economy IMD predictions If everything aligns, India could see a third consecutive year of surplus rainfall. The IMD has said that monsoon rains will likely be 101% of the Long Period Average (LPA) of 88 cm. In 2020, it was 109% of the LPA and in 2019, 110%. While the forecast 101% LPA is short of the rainfall received in these years and still within the range of what the IMD considers ‘normal’ rainfall. The current forecast is ‘above normal…
08 June, 2021
Indian Geography
India State of Forest Report, 2019 ISFR is an assessment of the country’s forest resources every two years by the Forest Survey of India. Starting in 1987, ISFR 2019 is the 16th report. Salient findings The key findings of the ISFR 2019 are as follows: The total forest cover of the country is 7,12,249 sq km which is 21.67% of the geographical area of the country. The tree cover of the country is estimated as 95,027 sq km which is 2.89% of the geographical area The total Forest and Tree cover of the country is 8,07,276 sq km which is 24.56% of…
18 March, 2021
Indian Geography
Aerial mapping of Islands by INCOIS The Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) is planning to take the help of the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) for aerial mapping of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep to get a better picture of the ocean floor, also called ‘bathymetric’ study. “NRSC has already done a similar high-resolution topographic Airborne Laser Terrain Mapping (ALTM) for the entire coastal areas of the country and we are in the process of integrating the data for a 3D multi-hazard mapping of both the east and west coastline for a more precise picture…
26 February, 2021
Indian Geography
Vembanad Lake Preliminary steps have been initiated to demolish the illegally constructed villas on Nediyathuruthu island in Vembanad Lake. Vembanad is the longest lake in India and the largest lake in the state of Kerala. Its a salt-water lake. It is the second-largest Ramsar site in India only after the Sundarbans in West Bengal. Kochi Port is built around Willingdon and Vallarpadam Islands on this lake. The Government of India has identified the Vembanad wetland under the National Wetlands Conservation Programme.
14 February, 2021
Indian Geography
Megacity plan for Little Andaman The proposed construction of a mega financial-tourist complex on Little Andaman Island will place at risk a fragile ecosystem and result in habitat loss of the vulnerable Onge tribe and rare wildlife A plan for the sustainable and holistic development of the 680 sq km, fragile Little Andaman Island in the Andaman and Nicobar group has raised the alarm among conservationists. The ‘Sustainable Development of Little Andaman Island - Vision Document’, is the NITI Aayog’s proposal to leverage the strategic location and natural features of the island. This, the vision says, will be done by…
01 February, 2021
Indian Geography
List of all valleys of India Dzukou Valley wildfire The wildfire at Dzukou Valley, straddling the Manipur-Nagaland border, has been doused after it raged for two weeks, officials said on Monday. No fresh fire or smoke was visible. The Dzukou Valley, situated at an average altitude of 2,452 metres, is a popular trekking destination known for its exotic flowers. #joinourtelegram# List of all valleys of India Araku Valley = Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh Barak Valley = Assam Chumbi Valley = Tibet, China, the intersection of India (Sikkim), Bhutan and China (Tibet) in the Himalayas Doon Valley = Lower Himalayas, Uttarakhand Dzüko…
12 January, 2021
Indian Geography
Vanadium reserves in Arunachal Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh, considered a sleeping hydropower giant, is likely to become India’s prime producer of vanadium, a high-value metal used in strengthening steel and titanium. Exploration is carried out by the Geological Survey of India (GSI) has placed the eastern Himalayan State on the vanadium map of the country, and geologists are confident of identifying a deposit soon. India is a significant consumer of vanadium but is not a primary producer of the strategic metal. It is recovered as a by-product from the slag collected from the processing of vanadiferous magnetite ores (iron ore), GSI…
11 January, 2021
Indian Geography
Environment Minister inaugurates Atal Paryavaran Bhavan The Union Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Prakash Javadekar, inaugurated the Atal Paryavaran Bhavan at Lakshadweep on February 19, 2021. Highlights While inaugurating the Atal Paryavaran Bhavan, the minister said that Lakshadweep will undergo a comprehensive development that too without compromising the UT’s commitment to nature. He will also attend programmes at Suheli, Kadmat and Bangaram islands and evaluate major innovative initiatives of the Forest and Environment Department of the Union Territory. Suheli Par It is a coral atoll in Lakshadweep. This atoll is oval-shaped and 17 km long. It is surrounded…
01 January, 2021
Indian Geography
What is Chillai Kalan? The most severe part of the winter in Kashmir consists of three months. It is divided into three parts called the Chilas:- The Chillai Kalan, the Chillai Khurd, and the Challai Bache. Chillai-Kalan is the 40-day period of harsh winter. Chillai-Kalan begins on December 21 and ends on January 31 next year. Chillai-Kalan is followed by a 20-day long Chillai-Khurd (small cold) that occurs between January 31 and February 19 and a 10-day long Chillai-Bachha (baby cold) which is from February 20 to March 2. Chillai Kalan usually brings snowfall, and sub-zero temperatures causing freezing of…
22 December, 2020
Indian Geography
Gains from rains: on monsoon performance Context - So far, India appears to be having a good run with the monsoon. As of the most recent data available from the India Meteorological Department (IMD), rainfall during the season has been 14% more than what is usual for this period. Monsoon pattern in India - The month of June only accounts for about 17% of the monsoon rainfall spanning June-September. - It is the month during which the monsoon sets in and that process can sometimes be delayed for as much as a week. - June is also when the…
14 July, 2020
Indian Geography
Rabi Crops Sowing The area under the sowing reached 324 lakh hectares. The word ‘rabi’ in Arabic means winter. Rabi crops are sown in winter from October to December and harvested in summer from April to June. Some of the important rabi crops are wheat, barley, peas, gram and mustard. Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh are important for the production of rabi crops. Western temperate cyclones during winter provide the precipitation in these areas. Fog is good for these crops.
08 June, 2020
Indian Geography
Gold deposits found in Sonbhadra (Uttar Pradesh) Syllabus subtopic: Distribution of Key Natural Resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent) Prelims and Mains focus: on the details of the findings; on India’s gold reserves News: The Geological Survey of India (GSI) has discovered gold deposits to the tune of around 3,000 tonnes in the Sonbhadra district of Uttar Pradesh, Details The gold deposits were found in the Son Pahadi and Hardi areas of the Sonbhadra district. Work on finding gold reserves in Sonbhadra was started almost two decades back in 1992-93 by the…
22 February, 2020
Indian Geography
SUPERCYCLONE KYARR Context: According to the India Meteorological Department (IMD), Supercyclone ‘Kyarr’, in the Arabian Sea has moved westwards and away from India’s coast. Tropical Cyclone : • A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain or squalls. • It is an intense low-pressure area in the atmosphere over tropical or sub-tropical waters, with organised convection (i.e. thunderstorm activity) and winds at low levels, circulating either anti-clockwise (in the northern hemisphere) or clockwise (in the southern hemisphere).…
29 October, 2019
Indian Geography
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