Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS)

The unemployment rate for women

Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS)- conducted by National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.

In 2019-20, Labour Force Participation Rate(LFPR) for the persons aged 15 years and above on usual status (principal status + subsidiary status) basis, LFPR for women has increased from 24.5% in 2018-19 to 30.0% in 2019-20 and the unemployment rate for women has come down from 5.1% in 2018-19 to 4.2% in 2019-20.

Government initiatives to improve women’s participation in the labour force-.

In order to encourage employment of women, a number of protective provisions have been incorporated in the labour laws for creating congenial work environment for women workers.

• These include enhancement in paid maternity leave from 12 weeks to 26 weeks,
• provision for mandatory crèche facility in the establishments having 50 or more employees,
• permitting women workers in the night shifts with adequate safety measures, etc.
• Government has taken a decision to allow the employment of women in the aboveground mines including opencast workings between 7 pm and 6 am and in below ground working between 6 am and 7 pm.
• Further, in order to enhance the employability of female workers, the Government is providing training to them through a network of Women Industrial Training institutes, National Vocational Training Institutes and Regional Vocational Training Institutes.

Employment Generation

Government has taken various steps for generating employment in the country like encouraging various projects involving substantial investment and increasing public expenditure on schemes like

• Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP),
• Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS),
• Pt. DeenDayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY) and
• Deendayal Antodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM).
• Aatmanirbhar Bharat Rozgar Yojna (ABRY)

Aatmanirbhar Bharat Rozgar Yojna (ABRY)

• The Scheme has been launched with effect from 1st October 2020
• Aims:
  • to incentivize creation of new employment
  • social security benefits and restoration of loss of employment.
  • This scheme reduces the financial burden of the employers and encourages them to hire more workers.
  • Under ABRY, Government of India is providing for a period of two years both the employees’ share (12% of wages) and employer’s share (12% of wages) of contribution payable or only the employees’ share, depending on employment strength of the EPFO registered establishments.
  • The new employees under the scheme include those who lost their jobs during Covid-19 and didn’t join in any EPF covered establishment upto 30.09.2020.
  • The terminal date for registration of beneficiary under the scheme has been extended from 30th June, 2021 to 31st March, 2022.
  • covering more than 22 lakh beneficiaries including 5.88 lakh women beneficiaries.

Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)

• This Scheme is for facilitating self-employment. Under PMMY collateral free loans upto Rs. 10 lakh, are extended to micro/small business enterprises and to individuals to enable them to setup or expand their business activities.
• About 70% of the loans have been given to women entrepreneurs.

Inclusions in Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme

• Government has increased MGNREGA wage to Rs. 202 a day from Rs. 182 to benefit nearly 13.62 crore families.
• Out of total employment generated (in person days) under MGNREGS, women share has increased from around 145.35 crore person days in FY 2019-20 to around 207 crore person days in the FY 2020-21.

Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) for each State/UT age groups: 15 years and above(inpercentage)

Source: Annual report, Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), 2019-20 M/o Statisticsand Programme Implementation.