Chikungunya Viral Infection (CHIKV) and Vaccine

Recently, the world’s 1^st vaccine for chikungunya was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the U.S.A.

It is a ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus that belongs to the alphavirus genus of the family Togaviridae.

Chikungunya outbreak was 1^st recognized in 1952 in southern Tanzania.

Transmission to humans – By the bites of infected female ‘Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes’.

CHIKV has been described as ‘an emerging global health threat’ and since 2004, the frequency and spread of outbreak increased, partly due to viral adaptations to be spread more easily by the Aedes albopictus mosquitoes.

Geographical spread – It has now been identified in over 110 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas.
Symptoms – Primarily severe joint pain, impaired mobility with fever and also includes muscle pain, nausea, and rash.
Severe symptoms and deaths from chikungunya are rare and usually related to other coexisting health problems.
Treatment - As of now, there is no cure, only symptomatic relief, with analgesics to help with the pain, antipyretics for the fever, rest, and adequate fluids.
Prevention - Mosquito control activities like preventing mosquito’s breeding and mosquito bites.

Vaccine for Chikungunya

Manufacturer – It has been developed by European vaccine manufacturer and to be branded as Ixchiq.
It has been approved for administration in people who are 18 years or older, and are at increased risk of exposure to the virus.

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