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DAILY NEWS ANALYSIS

  • 27 August, 2025

  • 4 Min Read

Gaur

  • The Palamau Tiger Reserve (PTR) in Jharkhand, which is the last stronghold of the Gaur in the region, has witnessed an alarming decline in the Gaur population.

  • This decline raises serious concerns for the conservation of the species in this area.

About Gaur (Bos gaurus)

  • Also known as the Indian Bison.

  • The largest species among wild cattle and the Bovidae family.

  • Distribution: Native to South and Southeast Asia.

Habitat

  • Found mostly in evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, as well as moist deciduous forests with open grasslands.

  • Prefers hilly terrains below 1,500-1,800 meters altitude.

  • Requires large, undisturbed forests with abundant water sources.

Conservation Status

  • IUCN Red List: Vulnerable

  • CITES: Appendix I (strictest protection)

  • Wildlife Protection Act, 1972: Schedule I (highest protection level in India)

Ecological Importance

  • Crucial for maintaining ecological balance in forests.

  • An important prey species for tigers.

  • As herbivores, they shape vegetation dynamics and help in seed dispersal.

Threats

  • Habitat loss across much of their range.

  • Vulnerable to domestic cattle diseases such as rinderpest and hoof or mouth disease.




Source: THE HINDU


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