Global Pandemic Treaty

The WHO Pandemic Agreement was adopted by the World Health Assembly on 20 May 2025.

It is a legally binding treaty aimed at improving global pandemic preparedness and response.

Key Elements of the Draft Agreement

Element	Details
Pathogen Access & Benefit Sharing	Includes a system for equitable sharing of vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics during pandemics.
Production Allocation	Parties are required to allocate 10% of their production to WHO, with another 10% provided at affordable prices.
Technology Transfer	Countries must facilitate exchange of technology and know-how to enable decentralised production.
Drug Research Policy	Governments must prioritise public interest in timely and equitable access to drugs and vaccines.

KEY FACT

The WHO Pandemic Agreement is the second international agreement negotiated under Article 19 of the WHO Constitution.

The first was the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, adopted in 2003 and entered into force in 2005.

PT Facts

World Health Assembly: The decision-making body of the WHO.
Article 19: Allows WHO to adopt conventions or agreements on matters within its competence.
Treaty Focus: Equity, preparedness, technology transfer, and access to medical countermeasures.
FCTC: The first WHO Article 19 agreement, adopted in 2003 and enforced from 2005.

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