Mosquitofish

A new study has revealed that two species of mosquitofish (Gambusia) have invaded various ecosystems across India.

Gambusia fish – An insectivorous fish that is found mostly in fresh and brackish, and occasionally marine waters and has a high breeding capacity.
When released into freshwater system, they feed on mosquito larvae and thus act as biocontrol agent to control mosquitoes.
Commonly used Gambusia species includes
- Gambusia affinis
- Gambusia holbrooki (eastern mosquito fish)

Guppy fish (Poecilia reticulate) is also deployed as a mosquito predator.

Native to – U.S.A
Reasons for its spread - High breeding capacity, robust adaptability and high tolerance for fluctuating environmental conditions.
Impact – They displace and prey on native fauna, leading to the extinction of native fish, amphibians, and various freshwater communities.
In India – Gambusia was 1^st introduced during British rule in 1928 for mosquito control and now inhabits all around India.
Actions taken – Multiple countries, including India have listed Gambusia as invasive species.
The World Health Organisation (WHO) has stopped recommending Gambusia as a mosquito control agent in 1982.
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has declared Gambusia as one of the 100 worst invasive alien species in the world.

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