Energy Reforms

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Energy Sector Reforms

Context: Energy Sector Reforms is an important topic for UPSE PRELIMS and GS Paper3. Petroleum Crude petroleum occurs in sedimentary rocks of the tertiary period. It consists of hydrocarbons of liquid and gaseous states varying in chemical composition, colour and specific gravity. It is an essential source of energy for all internal combustion engines in automobiles, railways and aircraft. Its numerous by-products are processed in petrochemical in

Kirit Parikh Gas Pricing Panel

Kirit Parikh Gas Pricing Panel The government recently appointed a Kirit Parikh committee to review the gas pricing formula. The committee's major recommendations: Maximum cost: A fixed pricing band for gas from old fields, known as APM (Administrative Price Mechanism) gas, is required. These fields produce two-thirds of the country's natural gas. This would provide producers with a predictable pricing regime while also lowering CNG and piped cooking gas prices. Pric

Extend FAME II Subsidy

Extend FAME II Subsidy The parliamentary standing committee on heavy industry brought attention to the fact that Phase 2 of the FAME programme to subsidise electric vehicles only met 51.96% of its goal. In related events, the Union Ministry of Heavy Industries' Committee on Estimates (2022-23) for the examination of electric vehicle policy proposed an extension of the FAME II programme. About The Union Ministry of Heavy Industries' Committee on Estimates (2022-23) for

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)

Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), India's largest refiner and fuel retailer, plans to commence commercial-scale production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) at its Panipat refinery by December 2025. This initiative aligns with India's push for cleaner, greener aviation fuel and reducing the sector’s carbon footprint. What is Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)? SAF is a type of biofuel, also called bio-jet fuel, derived from sustainable feedstocks.

Kalai-II Hydroelectric Project

Kalai-II Hydroelectric Project is a significant development in Arunachal Pradesh, both in terms of energy production and its potential environmental impact. Key Features of the Project: Capacity & Location: 1,200 MW capacity, which is substantial and will contribute a major share to the state's power generation. Located on the Lohit River, a tributary of the Brahmaputra River in Anjaw District, Arunachal Pradesh, a region with significant

Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board

The recent move by the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB) to invite stakeholder and consumer comments on an LPG interoperability framework is an innovative step in improving the convenience and accessibility of LPG refills for consumers. If implemented, this framework would allow households to draw LPG refills from distributors of other PSU oil companies, much like the concept of mobile number portability (MNP), enhancing competition and consumer choice. About the Petroleu

Bio-Bitumen

Recently, the Union Minister of State for Science and Technology stated that India has entered an era of “Clean, Green Highways” following the successful technology transfer of “Bio-Bitumen via Pyrolysis: From Farm Residue to Roads.” This development highlights India’s progress towards sustainable infrastructure and reduced dependence on petroleum-based materials. What is Bio-Bitumen? Bio-bitumen is a renewable and sustainable alternative to conventional p

India’s Green Energy Transition

The agriculture sector in India holds significant untapped potential to drive the country’s green energy revolution. With more than half of India’s population dependent on farming and rural livelihoods, integrating clean energy into agriculture can simultaneously address challenges of energy access, food security, employment generation, and climate change. India’s Agriculture and Energy Transition The agriculture sector contributes nearly 18 per cent to India’s

International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)

Recently, the Union Minister for New and Renewable Energy delivered India’s national statement at the 16th Assembly of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. This reflects India’s active participation in global renewable energy governance. About the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) is an intergovernmental organisation established in 2009. Its primary objective

Sodium-Ion Batteries

As batteries become the backbone of modern infrastructure—from electric vehicles to renewable energy storage—India’s heavy reliance on lithium-ion technology creates significant risks related to import dependence and critical mineral supply chains. In this context, Sodium-ion batteries (SiBs) are emerging as a safer, cost-effective, and resource-secure alternative. A strategic shift toward sodium-based battery technologies can help India strengthen long-term energy security

Open Acreage Licensing Policy

Oil India Limited has undertaken seismic studies in the blocks awarded under the 9th round of OALP. This step has been taken to assess hydrocarbon potential and to formulate an effective bidding strategy for the upcoming 10th round. This development highlights the growing importance of data-driven exploration and strategic planning in India’s oil and gas sector. Introduction to OALP The Open Acreage Licensing Policy (OALP) was introduced by the Government of India on March 30, 2016,