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UPSC Courses

Nuclear BARC

Nuclear BARC

Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor

  India has achieved a major milestone in its nuclear energy programme as the indigenously built Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) at Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, has attained criticality. What is Criticality? Criticality refers to the state of a nuclear reactor when it achieves a self-sustaining chain reaction. At this point, each nuclear fission event releases a sufficient number of neutrons to sustain an ongoing series of reactions without external neutron sources. In simple terms, it is the condition where the reactor becomes self-sustaining in nuclear fission reactions. About the Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) The PFBR is an advanced nuclear…

09 April, 2026 Nuclear BARC

SHANTI Act, 2025

SHANTI Act, 2025 On December 20, 2025, the President of India gave assent to the Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy for Transforming India (SHANTI) Act, 2025. This landmark legislation replaces the Atomic Energy Act, 1962, and the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act, 2010, modernizing India’s nuclear policy. Salient Feature Details Private Sector Integration For the first time, private companies can participate in plant operations, power generation, and nuclear fuel fabrication, subject to safety authorizations. Exclusive Government Domains Reprocessing, high-level waste management, and heavy water production remain under exclusive Central Government control to ensure national security. Graded Liability…

09 April, 2026 Nuclear BARC

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