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Alaknanda Galaxy Indian astronomers analysing data from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) identified a massive spiral galaxy named Alaknanda, dating back to a time when the Universe was only about 1.5 billion years old. The galaxy appears remarkably similar to the Milky Way, despite forming when the cosmos was only around 10% of its present age. What Makes This Discovery Unusual? Aspect Details Earlier Understanding Early galaxies were ge
Naval Communication Satellite CMS-03 On 2nd November 2025, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully launched CMS-03, an advanced military communication satellite, aboard the LVM3-M5 rocket from Sriharikota. The mission marked a major enhancement in India’s maritime communication capabilities and strategic self-reliance in defence space infrastructure. Feature Details Satellite Type Dedicated naval communication satellite be
India to Establish Two New Telescopes in Ladakh In the Union Budget 2026–27, the Government of India approved a major expansion of ground-based astronomy infrastructure in Ladakh. The programme includes the establishment of two new mega-telescopes and the upgradation of the existing Himalayan Chandra Telescope (HCT). Major Telescope Projects Telescope / Facility Details National Large Solar Telescope (NLST) A high-resolution solar teles
BSL-4 Containment Facility in Gandhinagar On 13th January 2026, the Union Home Minister laid the foundation stone of a Bio-Safety Level-4 (BSL-4) Containment Facility and laboratory in Gandhinagar, Gujarat. This is only the second civilian BSL-4 laboratory in India after the National Institute of Virology (NIV), Pune. In late 2024, DRDO established a dedicated defence-sector BSL-4 facility in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh. What is a BSL-4 Facility? Aspect D
GlowCas9: A CRISPR Protein that Lights Up Gene Editing In December 2025, scientists at the Bose Institute, Kolkata developed GlowCas9, a novel CRISPR protein capable of emitting light while carrying out gene editing. The innovation introduces a new method to directly visualise genome editing activity in real time. What Makes GlowCas9 Special? Feature Details Real-time Visualisation GlowCas9 allows scientists to visualise genome editing activi
Brain-Computer Interface to Restore Natural Speech Researchers recently developed a breakthrough Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) capable of restoring naturalistic speech for individuals suffering from severe paralysis. The system converts brain activity directly into audible speech in near real time, marking a major advancement in assistive neurotechnology. Key Features of the BCI System Feature Details AI-driven Translation The BCI uses artif
“Transneuron” Recently, researchers developed a single artificial neuron called a “transneuron”, capable of replicating activity associated with multiple regions of the human brain. The breakthrough is considered a significant step toward machines with more human-like sensing, adaptability, and computational behaviour. What is a Transneuron? Feature Details Multi-functional Capability The transneuron can switch between
Miniature TnpB-based Genome Editing Tool Recently, Indian researchers created a hypercompact genome-editing system using TnpB proteins, offering a homegrown alternative to proprietary CRISPR-Cas technologies. What is the TnpB-based Genome Editing System? Aspect Details Nature of TnpB TnpB is a tiny, next-generation genome-editing enzyme that works like CRISPR but is far more compact. Working Mechanism It funct
Antibiotic-Producing Thermophilic Bacteria In a new breakthrough, researchers discovered thermophilic bacteria with strong antibiotic potential in the Rajgir hot spring located in Nalanda, Bihar. What are Thermophiles? Aspect Details Nature Thermophiles are heat-loving bacteria that thrive at temperatures between 45°–70°C. Habitat
World’s First Genome-Edited Rice Varieties On 5th May 2025, ICAR announced the release of two genome-edited rice varieties — ‘Kamala’ and ‘Pusa DST Rice 1’ — marking a major milestone in agricultural biotechnology. The development highlights the growing role of genome editing in improving crop productivity, stress tolerance, and climate resilience. Key Details Aspect Details Announceme
Scientists Discover Key to Delaying Female Fertility Decline In a groundbreaking study, scientists from the National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB) found a promising way to slow down ovarian aging, the natural decline in the number and quality of egg cells, or oocytes, in females. What the NIAB Study Found Finding Details Key Protein The study found that a protein called Cathepsin B (Cat B) plays a key role in speeding up ovarian aging
India’s First Polar Research Vessel Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE) and Norway’s Kongsberg Oslo have signed a MoU for marking India’s first indigenous Polar Research Vessel (PRV). The vessel will be constructed in Kolkata under the guidance and design expertise of Kongsberg and the shipbuilding capabilities of GRSE. Key Details of the Polar Research Vessel Aspect Details Project Partners GRSE and Norway&rsqu
Maitri II: India’s Upcoming Antarctic Research Station The Finance Ministry recently approved the establishment of Maitri II, India’s newest Antarctic research base, to be constructed in eastern Antarctica with a financial outlay of Rs. 2,000 crore over seven years. The Goa-based National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR), functioning under the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), will oversee the mission. Key Details of Maitri II Aspect
Wet Tests of Matsya-6000 In February 2025, India successfully conducted wet tests of Matsya-6000, the country’s first manned deep-sea submersible, marking a major milestone under the Samudrayaan mission for deep-sea mineral exploration. The tests were aimed at ensuring system reliability before its 6,000-metre deep-sea mission in 2026. Human support and safety systems were assessed, ensuring 12-hour endurance under normal conditions and 96 hours in emergency scenarios.
Skin Diseases: A Global Public Health Priority On 24th May 2025, the 78th World Health Assembly (WHA) unanimously adopted a historic resolution titled “Skin diseases as a global public health priority”, the first resolution of its kind. Skin diseases affect nearly 1.9 billion people worldwide, yet the sector remains significantly underfunded. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) suffer the most from neglected skin diseases and limited access to proper dermatologica
WHO Declares Hepatitis D as Carcinogenic In July 2025, the World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO-IARC) classified the hepatitis D virus (HDV) as carcinogenic to humans, highlighting its strong link to liver cancer and urging increased screening and access to treatments. What is Hepatitis D? Aspect Details Disease Type A liver infection caused by the hepatitis delta virus (HDV). Dependence
New Drug Candidate to Tackle Deadly Superbugs In August 2025, researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee announced the development of a new drug candidate that could restore the effectiveness of critical antibiotics against one of the world’s most dangerous superbugs. The therapy is designed to combat infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae, a top-priority drug-resistant pathogen identified by the World Health Organization (WHO). The Novel Molecul
9th Asian Winter Games Aspect Details Host City/Country Harbin, China. Mascots Binbin and Nini — tiger mascots. Table Topper China topped the medal tally with 85 medals — 32 gold, 27 silver and 26 bronze. Second Position Republic of Korea finished second with 45 medals — 16 gold, 15 silver and 14 bronze. India at the Event India sent its largest-ever contingent of 59 athlete
24 April, 2026 
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