GS Paper 3 Biodiversity & Environment 23 November 2021

Highlight present climate change resolution and its relevance for India. (10 marks)

Est. writing time: 12–15 min

Word count: ~259 words

Climate change resolution and its relevance for India

Introduction:

Start with recognition of climate change as a problem form IPCC report and then start of holistic action plan from rio summit.

Main body:

Continue with UNFCCC framework and include details about

Kyoto protocol: Clean development mechanism, Carbon credit, Joint implementation, common but differential responsibility

Paris summit 2016: India’s Intended nationally determined goals:

To reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 33 to 35 per cent by 2030 from 2005 level.
To achieve about 40 per cent cumulative electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel based energy resources by 2030, with the help of transfer of technology and low cost international finance, including from Green Climate Fund.
To create an additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalent through additional forest and tree cover by 2030.

Cop 26: Panchamrit to tackle climate change:

Increasing non-fossil energy capacity to 500 gigawatts (GW)
Fulfilling 50 per cent of energy requirements from renewable sources
Reducing carbon intensity of economy by 45 per cent
Reducing total projected carbon emissions by 1 billion tonnes.
Making India carbon neutral by 2070.

Relevance for India: Include all impact on India such as:

Political: leadership role in world along with increasing soft power
Economic: in short term requirement of more capital but sustainable in long run.
Increased investment and R&D
Influx of Forex

Conclusion: Can be concluded with both action to tackle climate change as a need for world to ensure temperature rise targets. Also as duty of government to provide clean environment under article 21.