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DAILY NEWS ANALYSIS

  • 21 December, 2023

  • 2 Min Read

Sun Goddess Particle

High-energy ‘sun goddess’ particle ‘from nowhere’ collides into Earth.

Amaterasu

  • It is one of the most powerful cosmic rays slamming into Earth and has been named Amaterasu after the Japanese sun goddess.
  • These ultra-high energy particle passes atmosphere smoothly without any deflection by magnetic fields.
  • Spotted by - Telescope Array observatory in Utah, a collaboration of the United States, Japan, Korea, Russia, and Belgium to observe cosmic rays.
  • Energy - It exceeds 240 exa-electron volts (EeV), millions of times more powerful than the particles produced by the Large Hadron Collider, which is the most powerful accelerator ever built.
  • It is 2nd only to the ‘Oh-My-God’ particle, another high-energy cosmic ray at 320 EeV that was detected in 1991.
  • Amaterasu have emerged from the Local Void, an empty area of space bordering the Milky Way galaxy.

Oh My God Particle

  • The Oh-My-God particle detected over Utah in 1991 was probably a proton traveling at 0.999 (and add another 20 x 9s after that) of the speed of light.
  • Its kinetic energy was estimated at 3 x 1020 electron volts (eV) and it would have had the collision energy of 7.5 x 1014 eV when it hit an atmospheric particle.
  • This is still about 50 times the collision energy we expect the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will be able to generate at full power.

God Particle

  • It is also known as Higgs Boson Particles.
  • The Higgs boson is the fundamental particle associated with the Higgs field, a field that gives mass to other fundamental particles such as electrons and quarks.
  • Mass - The Higgs boson has a mass of 125 billion electron volts?— meaning it is 130 times more massive than a proton.
  • Charge - The Higgs boson is also charge less.
  • Zero spin?- Higgs boson, has an intrinsic angular momentum, or spin, of 0.
  • The Higgs Boson is the only elementary particle with no spin.

Cosmic Rays

  • Cosmic rays are sub-atomic particles, being mainly protons (hydrogen nuclei) and occasionally helium or heavier atomic nuclei and very occasionally electrons.
  • Cosmic ray particles are very energetic as a result of them having a substantial velocity and hence a substantial momentum.

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