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DAILY NEWS ANALYSIS

GS-III :
  • 24 July, 2020

  • 5 Min Read

Tianwen-1 Mars mission

Tianwen-1 Mars mission

Context:

  • China launched the Tianwen-1 Mars rover mission.

About Tianwen-1:

  • It is China’s first fully home-grown Mars mission.
  • It was launched atop a Long March-5 carrier rocket.
  • It consists of an orbiter and a lander/rover duo, a combination of craft that had never before been launched together towards Mars.

News

  • It is especially striking given that it’s China’s first attempt at a full-on Mars mission.
  • China did launch a Mars orbiter called Yinghuo-1 in 2011, but the spacecraft accompanied Russia’s Phobos-Grunt mission. However, the launch failed, leaving the probes trapped in Earth's orbit.
  • Tianwen-1 is expected to arrive at the Red Planet in February 2021.
  • The lander/rover pair will touch down on the Martian surface two to three months later somewhere within Utopia Planitia.
  • Utopia Planitia is a large plain in Mars’ Northern Hemisphere.
  • NASA’s Viking 2 lander landed there in 1976.
  • The solar-powered rover will then spend about 90 Martian days (called sols, and slightly longer than Earth Days), studying its surroundings in detail.
  • The orbiter will eventually settle into a polar elliptical orbit.
  • The lander apparently will not do any substantive science work, serving as a delivery system for the rover.

Objectives of Tianwen-1:

  • To map the morphology and geological structure.
  • To investigate the surface soil characteristics and water-ice distribution.
  • To analyze the surface material composition.
  • To measure the ionosphere and the characteristics of the Martian climate and environment at the surface.
  • To perceive the physical fields (electromagnetic, gravitational) and internal structure of Mars.

Source: TH


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