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According to the India Meteorological Department (IMD), there is a possibility of the El Niño phenomenon developing after July 2026, but definitive clarity on its formation will emerge only in April. Global forecasters, including the U.S. NOAA, estimate that the chances of El Niño forming during the June–August period are around 62%, with the probability increasing later in the year. Current Climatic Conditions At present, the Pacific Ocean is experiencing ENSO-neutral
The Indian Coast Guard recently celebrated its 50th Raising Day, and Narendra Modi extended greetings, recognizing its vital role in protecting India’s maritime interests. The Indian Coast Guard has emerged as an important pillar of national security and maritime governance. About Indian Coast Guard The Indian Coast Guard is a maritime armed force under the Ministry of Defence. It was raised on February 1, 1977, to address growing maritime challenges and safeguard India’s m
India’s External Affairs Minister recently met the foreign ministers of five member countries of the Arab League to discuss ways to strengthen India’s relations with West Asia and to exchange views on the current situation in the region. This reflects India’s increasing diplomatic engagement with Arab countries due to their importance in energy, trade, and regional stability. What is the Arab League? The Arab League is a regional organization of Arab countries whose peo
A Bengaluru-based defence company, Alpha Design Technologies Ltd (ADTL), has successfully upgraded the Pechora missile system of the Indian Air Force. This development reflects India’s emphasis on modernising legacy defence systems through indigenous technology. About Pechora Missile System The Pechora missile system, officially known as the S-125 Neva/Pechora, is a Soviet-origin medium-range surface-to-air missile system. It is designed to intercept low- and medium-altitude aeri
A recent death in Karnataka due to Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD), also known as monkey fever, has brought renewed attention to this tick-borne viral disease, which can turn fatal if not detected early. About Kyasanur Forest Disease Kyasanur Forest Disease is a tick-borne viral haemorrhagic disease that is mainly found in southern India. It was first reported in 1957 in the Kyasanur Forest of Karnataka, and hence the disease derives its name from this region. The disease is caused by
Researchers from IIT Kanpur have recently developed a new method to predict solar cycles, which can improve our understanding of solar activity and its impact on Earth. About Solar Cycles A solar cycle refers to an approximately 11-year cycle of solar activity driven by changes in the Sun’s magnetic field. This cycle is primarily observed through the frequency and intensity of sunspots visible on the Sun’s surface. During each cycle, the Sun’s magnetic field reverses,
Scientists have recently developed an ultra-thin electronic system using Molybdenum Disulfide that is only a few atoms thick. An important feature of this system is that high-energy particles can pass through it without causing damage, which makes it highly suitable for use in radiation-resistant electronic devices, especially in extreme environments such as space. What is Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS?)? Molybdenum Disulfide is an inorganic compound made up of molybdenum (a transition met
Oil India Limited has undertaken seismic studies in the blocks awarded under the 9th round of OALP. This step has been taken to assess hydrocarbon potential and to formulate an effective bidding strategy for the upcoming 10th round. This development highlights the growing importance of data-driven exploration and strategic planning in India’s oil and gas sector. Introduction to OALP The Open Acreage Licensing Policy (OALP) was introduced by the Government of India on March 30, 2016,
India has recently stepped up efforts to position itself as a global AI infrastructure hub by inviting international technology companies to establish large AI-focused data centres in the country. This move is aligned with India’s broader push toward digital transformation and technological leadership. About AI Data Centres AI data centres are advanced digital infrastructure facilities that support artificial intelligence workloads, including machine learning, cloud computing, an
The Minister of State for Women and Child Development will lead the Indian delegation at the 64th session of the United Nations Commission for Social Development (CSocD). This participation highlights India’s commitment to engaging in global policymaking on social issues such as inclusion, welfare, and poverty reduction. What is the United Nations Commission for Social Development? The United Nations Commission for Social Development (CSocD) is a functional commission under the U
The government of Bihar has recently approved the installation of three Grain ATM machines in Patna as part of a pilot project. The initiative is aimed at improving the efficiency, transparency, and accessibility of food grain distribution under the Public Distribution System (PDS). If successful, the model may be expanded to other regions. What is a Grain ATM? A Grain ATM, also known as Annapurti (meaning “provider of grain”), is an automated dispensing machine that provid
The Ministry of Panchayati Raj, in collaboration with the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, is organizing a National Award Ceremony to felicitate the winners of the Model Youth Gram Sabha initiative. This step reflects the government’s commitment to promoting youth participation in grassroots governance. About Model Youth Gram Sabha The Model Youth Gram Sabha is a simulated platform for school students where they participate in mock sessions of a Gram Sabh
A recent severe winter storm in the United States, affecting regions from Texas to New England, has highlighted the important role of the stratospheric polar vortex in shaping extreme weather events. What is the Polar Vortex? The polar vortex is a large region of low pressure and extremely cold air that surrounds both the North Pole and South Pole. It extends from the tropopause (boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere) into the stratosphere and even the mesosphere (abov
Recently, European Union and India reaffirmed their commitment to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy under the India–Euratom agreement. This highlights growing collaboration in safe, sustainable, and civilian nuclear technologies. What is Euratom? European Atomic Energy Community is an international organization established under the Treaty of Rome in 1957. Its primary aim is to develop and regulate the peaceful use of nuclear energy across Europe.
The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists has recently moved the Doomsday Clock to 85 seconds to midnight, which is the closest the world has ever been to global catastrophe. This change highlights increasing concerns about nuclear risks, climate change, and emerging technologies. About the Doomsday Clock The Doomsday Clock is a symbolic clock that represents how close humanity is to a global catastrophe. In this framework, midnight signifies complete annihilation or “doomsday.&rdquo
The Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority has recently launched the NPS Swasthya Pension Scheme (NSPS) on a pilot basis. This initiative aims to combine pension savings with healthcare financial support, marking an important reform in the social security framework. About NPS Swasthya Pension Scheme (NSPS) The NPS Swasthya Pension Scheme (NSPS) is a new initiative introduced as a Proof of Concept (PoC) under the Regulatory Sandbox Framework of PFRDA. The scheme is designed to
Recently, Kerala declared Bacillus subtilis as its “State microbe.” This recognition highlights the importance of this microorganism in agriculture, health, and scientific research. What is Bacillus subtilis? Bacillus subtilis is a type of beneficial (“good”) bacterium, commonly classified as a probiotic, meaning it can support healthy biological processes. It is naturally found in the human gut and in fermented foods. It is also widely present in s
Recent studies have shown that seismometers can detect sonic booms created by debris from orbit falling back to Earth. This highlights that sonic booms are not only generated by aircraft but also by objects re-entering the atmosphere from space, producing detectable ground vibrations. What is a Sonic Boom? A sonic boom is a loud, thunderous noise produced when an object moves faster than the speed of sound (approximately 343 meters per second at sea level). When an object exceeds th
Recent research analyzing data from more than half a million people has revealed that individuals with schizophrenia are more likely to have weaker bones and suffer fractures compared to the general population. What is Schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder that disrupts thought processes, perceptions, emotional responses, and social interactions. The severity and course of schizophrenia vary among individuals, but it is typically persistent, disabling, and lif
Recent reports from Kapena village, Odisha, highlight how communal tensions between tribal communities and Christians have disrupted the practice and sanctity of tribal sacred groves. Sacred groves are not only cultural and religious spaces but also ecological treasures, conserved for generations by local communities. What Are Sacred Groves? Sacred groves are patches of virgin or near-natural forests that local communities protect due to their religious, cultural, and spiritual signifi
Recently, Mozambican humanitarian and rights activist Graça Machel has been selected for the Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament and Development for 2025. She is globally recognized for her work in human rights, women’s empowerment, and child welfare. About the Indira Gandhi Peace Prize The Indira Gandhi Peace Prize, formally known as the Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament, and Development, was instituted in 1986 in memory of former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
Recent scientific studies of human blood samples collected between 2003 and 2021 have revealed that the levels of older PFAS, commonly known as “forever chemicals,” dropped by 86%. This reduction occurred because manufacturers stopped producing certain older PFAS compounds. What Are Forever Chemicals? Forever chemicals, scientifically referred to as PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances), are a large family of man-made chemicals that are highly persistent in the environmen
The Red-eared slider, an invasive freshwater turtle, has become a growing ecological concern in Coimbatore. Originally introduced through the pet trade, these turtles are now being released into local water bodies, threatening native aquatic biodiversity. Their uncontrolled release can disrupt freshwater ecosystems and harm native turtle species. About the Red-Eared Slider The red-eared slider is one of the most widely introduced freshwater turtles in the world. Its native range includ
Recent data indicates that outward remittances by Indians under the Liberalised Remittances Scheme declined to $1.94 billion in November 2025, marking a two-year low. This decline was mainly due to a significant reduction in spending on foreign education, reflecting changing trends in overseas expenditure. About the Liberalised Remittances Scheme (LRS) The Liberalised Remittances Scheme is governed by the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA), 1999, which regulates foreign exchange transa
Recently, the Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science and Technology in India advocated the wider adoption of steel slag–based road construction and repair technology, particularly in hilly and Himalayan regions. The initiative aims to promote sustainable infrastructure and efficient use of industrial waste. About Steel Slag Steel slag is an industrial by-product generated during the steel manufacturing process. It is produced in large quantities during steel-mak
The Engineering Export Promotion Council of India (EEPC India) recently urged the Government of India to reduce income tax rates for non-corporate manufacturing MSMEs in the Union Budget and to expedite the payment of Goods and Services Tax (GST) refunds. The council argued that such measures would improve liquidity and competitiveness of engineering exporters, especially small and medium enterprises. About EEPC India The Engineering Export Promotion Council of India (EEPC India) is th
Recently, an exhibition showcased over 40 rare pre-Partition textiles that highlighted how Phulkari embroidery was deeply connected to women’s lives, traditions, and everyday culture in the region of undivided Punjab. These textiles demonstrate how phulkari functioned not only as an art form but also as a symbol of identity, heritage, and social customs. About Phulkari Phulkari, which literally means “flower work,” is a traditional embroidery style originating from th
The Supreme Court of India is once again being asked to rule on the long-standing controversy regarding the Parliament’s decision to grant Scheduled Tribe (ST) status to the Lambadi community in Telangana. This issue has significant implications for social welfare benefits and legal recognition for the community. About the Lambadi Tribe The Lambadi Tribe, also known as Sugali or Banjara, is a nomadic tribal community primarily found in the states of Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, and
Recently, the Union Cabinet of India approved equity support of ?5,000 crore for the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI). This decision aims to strengthen SIDBI’s financial capacity to support Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and promote entrepreneurship across the country. About Small Industries Development Bank of India The Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) was established on 2 April 1990 under an Act of Parliament. Initially, it funct
Recently, the Union Cabinet of India approved the continuation of the Atal Pension Yojana (APY) up to Financial Year 2030–31. The extension aims to strengthen social security for workers in the unorganised sector and encourage long-term retirement savings. About Atal Pension Yojana The Atal Pension Yojana (APY) is a government-backed pension scheme launched on 9 May 2015 by the Government of India. The scheme was designed to encourage voluntary retirement savings among low-income
Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) has recently gained attention as a growing public health concern, particularly in India, due to increasing cases linked with obesity, diabetes, and unhealthy lifestyles. About MASLD Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is a chronic liver condition caused by excessive accumulation of fat in the liver. It is often described as a “silent disease” because many people may not show
A tragic incident was recently reported from Tamil Nadu, where a 19-year-old college student died after consuming borax for weight loss. The incident has raised serious concerns about the misuse of chemical substances for health or cosmetic purposes without medical guidance. About Borax Definition Borax is a naturally occurring mineral compound scientifically known as sodium tetraborate decahydrate. It appears as a white, powdery crystalline substance and is widely used in various indus
Recently, the Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia’s Far East has experienced extreme and record-breaking snowfall, as powerful winter storms dumped several metres of snow across the region. The event highlights the peninsula’s harsh climatic conditions and unique geographical environment. Location The Kamchatka Peninsula is located in Russia in the far eastern part of the country. It lies between the Sea of Okhotsk to the west and the Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea to the east.
Recently, the Government of India increased the financial approval limit of the Central Silk Board from ?50 lakh to ?1 crore by amending Rule 22 of the Central Silk Board Rules, 1955. This step is intended to improve administrative efficiency and speed up decision-making for projects related to the development of the silk industry in India. About Central Silk Board The Central Silk Board (CSB) is a statutory body established in 1948 through an Act of Parliament to promote and regulate
Recently, Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw stated that while India engages with global powers at international forums, the World Economic Forum (WEF) meeting at Davos primarily serves as a platform for exchange of ideas rather than formal group-to-group trade negotiations. About the World Economic Forum The World Economic Forum (WEF) is an international non-profit organization established in 1971. It brings together political leaders, business executives, academics, and civil society repres
Recently, India launched the Responsible Nations Index (RNI) at the Dr. Ambedkar International Centre. The index aims to evaluate countries not only on economic strength but also on their responsibility toward citizens, the environment, and the global community. About the Responsible Nations Index The Responsible Nations Index (RNI) is India’s first globally anchored index designed to measure how responsibly nations conduct their governance and international engagement. The in
Recently, the Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) launched a new conservation project under the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) in Dehradun to protect the Indian Skimmer in the Ganga Basin. The initiative aims to conserve this endangered riverine bird species and its fragile habitat. About the Indian Skimmer The Indian Skimmer is a unique water bird belonging to the genus Rynchops in the Laridae family. It gets its name from its distinctive feeding behaviour, where it flies l
India’s labour reforms through the four labour codes represent a major transformation in the country’s labour governance framework. The reforms aim to integrate social security, income protection, and long-term financial safeguards into employment relationships. By expanding coverage and formalising employment structures, the labour codes seek to strengthen financial inclusion, worker welfare, and economic stability. Key Features of India’s New Labour Codes Uniform De
Recently, the Prime Minister paid tribute to Parbati Giri on the occasion of her birth centenary, recognising her significant contribution to India’s freedom struggle and her lifelong service to society. About Parbati Giri Parbati Giri was a prominent freedom fighter and social worker from Odisha. She is popularly known as the “Mother Teresa of Western Odisha” and was also given the epithet “Banhi-kanya” (daughter of fire) for her fearless participation in
The United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) will commemorate its 80th anniversary on 23 January 2026. It is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, responsible for coordinating global efforts in economic, social, cultural, humanitarian, and development-related fields. About ECOSOC The United Nations Economic and Social Council was established in 1945 under the Charter of the United Nations. It plays a key role in promoting international cooperation and sustai
Recently, a powerful G4 (Severe) Geomagnetic Storm triggered by intense solar activity illuminated the night skies with spectacular auroras visible across several continents. Such storms occur when disturbances from the Sun interact with Earth’s magnetic environment. What is a Geomagnetic Storm? A Geomagnetic Storm is a major disturbance in the Earth's Magnetosphere, the magnetic shield that surrounds Earth and protects it from harmful solar radiation. These storms occur w
The INS Sudarshini will undertake the flagship voyage of Lokayan 26, a 10-month transoceanic expedition covering over 22,000 nautical miles and visiting multiple international ports. The expedition highlights India’s maritime heritage, naval training, and international engagement. About INS Sudarshini INS Sudarshini is an indigenously built Sail Training Ship (STS) of the Indian Navy. It was built by Goa Shipyard Limited. The ship is based at Kochi under the Sout
The Election Commission of India (ECI) will host the inaugural India International Conference on Democracy and Election Management 2026 (IICDEM 2026) at Bharat Mandapam. The conference aims to bring together global stakeholders to discuss best practices, challenges, and innovations in election management and democratic governance. About IICDEM 2026 The conference will be a three-day international event beginning on 21 January 2026 in New Delhi. It is being organized by the India Intern
Soft matter is a sub-field of Condensed Matter Physics that studies materials which can be easily deformed by small external forces, thermal fluctuations, or environmental changes. These materials behave like solids at rest but can flow like liquids when stress is applied, making them extremely useful in everyday life and industrial applications. What is Soft Matter? Soft matter refers to materials whose structure and properties change easily under minor forces or temperature variation
Recently, an outbreak of Guillain?Barré Syndrome (GBS) was reported in Neemuch district, with two deaths in Manasa. The disease is a rare but serious neurological disorder that can lead to muscle weakness and, in severe cases, paralysis. About Guillain-Barré Syndrome Guillain-Barré Syndrome is a rare autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the Peripheral Nervous System. This system includes all nerves outside the brain and sp
Recently, Indian Coast Guard Ship Sankalp visited Port Louis as part of its overseas deployment in the Indian Ocean Region. Such deployments strengthen maritime cooperation, security coordination, and diplomatic ties between India and friendly nations in the region. About ICGS Sankalp ICGS Sankalp is an Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) of the Indian Coast Guard that was commissioned in 2008. It was indigenously built by Goa Shipyard Limited, reflecting India’s growing capabilities in in
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