Paper | Topics | Subject |
---|---|---|
GS-II | WASH for healthcare | |
National Investigation (Amendment) Bill, 2019 | ||
Chandipura Virus | ||
GS-III | NAVIC |
GS-II Paper: A WASH for healthcare
Context:
Without adequate water, sanitation and hygiene amenities, infection control is severely compromised.
Background:
Healthcare facilities are many and varied. Some are primary, others are tertiary. Many are public, some are private. Some meet specific needs, whether dentistry or occupational therapy, and some are temporary, providing acute care when disaster strikes.
Significance:
Reports Finding:
Enhancing primary health care:
Educating the health workers:
Cleanliness in centres – Second, health authorities should increase engagement and work to instil a culture of cleanliness and safety in all healthcare facilities.
Information Campaign – Alongside information campaigns that target facility administrators, all workers in the health system — from doctors and nurses to midwives and cleaners — should be made aware of, and made to practise, current WASH and infection prevention and control procedures (IPC).
Pre Service Training – To help do this, modules on WASH services and IPC should be included in pre-service training and as part of ongoing professional development.
Inclusive Approach – In addition, authorities should work more closely with communities, especially in rural areas, to promote demand for WASH services.
WHO Strategic Plan for WASH: 2018-2025
Strategic approaches 2018–2025
WHO is uniquely positioned to achieve impact through the following five strategic approaches, building on its existing work and established credibility and expertise.
As member states strive to achieve the flagship priorities and work towards the SDG targets ,that outcomes is crucial .Indeed, whatever the healthcare facility, whoever the provider, and wherever it is located securing safe health services is an objective member states must boldly pursue.
Source: The Hindu
GS-II Paper: National Investigation (Amendment) Bill, 2019
Context
The Lok Sabha has passed the National Investigation (Amendment) Bill 2019.
Features of the Bill:
(i) Human trafficking
(ii) Offences related to counterfeit currency or bank notes
(iii) Manufacture or sale of prohibited arms
(iv) Cyber-terrorism
(v) Offences under the Explosive Substances Act, 1908.
Source: The Hindu
GS-II Paper: Chandipura Virus
Context
Chandipura virus detected in Gujarat.
What is it?
Named after the Maharashtra village where the virus was first discovered, the likely vector (carrier) of the virus is the female phlebotomine sandfly. It has been detected in sand flies in Senegal and Nigeria, apart from India. The virus is known to cause inflammation of the brain, and progresses rapidly from an influenza-like illness to coma and death.
Chandipura virus (CHPV) belongs to the Rhabdoviridae family in the order Mononegavirales of the genus Vesiculovirus. Interestingly, its continuing mutating trend has enhanced its lethality to cause human infections, unlike its genetic cousin, the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV).
Symptoms
Key facts
The virus predominantly infects children between the ages of 2-16, spreading through the bite of a sandfly, and in some cases, even the mosquito during the monsoon and pre-monsoon season.
It is distantly related to the virus that causes rabies and is known to have a case fatality between 55-75 %.
Source: The Hindu
GS-III Paper: NAVIC
Context
ISRO is in talks with processing chip manufacturers such as Qualcomm to substitute the existing Global Positioning System (GPS) with the Indian version of satellite navigation.
What is NAVIC?
Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) is an independent regional navigation satellite system designed to provide position information in the Indian region and 1500 km around the Indian mainland.
Applications:
How many satellites does NAVIC consist of?
It is a regional system and so its constellation will consist of seven satellites. Three of these will be geostationary over the Indian Ocean, i.e., they will appear to be stationary in the sky over the region, and four will be geosynchronous – appearing at the same point in the sky at the same time every day. This configuration ensures each satellite is being tracked by at least one of fourteen ground stations at any given point of time, with a high chance of most of them being visible from any point in India.
Is India the only country to have its positioning system?
Source: The Hindu
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