LUMPY SKIN DISEASE

LUMPY SKIN DISEASE

More than 1,500 animals, mainly cows, and buffaloes have died in Gujarat due to the infectious lumpy skin disease, and it has also been spread to 14 districts of the State.

About lumpy skin disease

Lumpy skin disease is a viral disease that mainly affects cattle. It is transmitted by blood-feeding insects, such as certain species of flies and mosquitoes, or ticks.
The virus is one of the three closely related species within the genus capripoxvirus, the other two species are the Sheeppox virus and Goatpox virus
Due to its infectious nature and its significant implications on the economy, the World Health Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) declares it a “notifiable disease”.
It was originally found in Africa, it has also spread to countries in the Middle East, Asia, and eastern Europe.

Symptom

It appears as nodules of two to five-centimeter diameter all over the body, particularly around the head, neck, limbs, udder, and genitals.
The lumps gradually open up like large and deep wounds.
The bacterial infection often aggravates the condition
The Infected cattle develop fever, lacrimation, nasal discharge, and hypersalivation, followed by the characteristic eruptions on the skin and other parts of the body in ~50% of susceptible cattle. The incubation period is about 4–14 days.
Morbidity is 5%–50%; mortality is usually very low. The greatest loss is due to the reduced milk yield, loss of condition, and rejection or reduced value of the hide.

Transmission

the LSD virus easily spreads by blood-sucking insects like mosquitoes, flies, and ticks and through saliva, contaminated water, and food.

Treatment

Right now, no treatment is available for this.
Attenuated virus vaccines may help control spread even though Quarantine restrictions have proved to be of limited use.
Administration of antibiotics to control the secondary infection and good nursing care are recommended, but a large number of affected animals within a herd may preclude treatment.

Source: The Hindu

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