The Morbidity of Jihad

GS-II: The Morbidity of Jihad.

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The absence of exact data on crime could pose serious problems. In India, crime is under-reported and under-registered.

Problems with crime data:

The manner in which crime data are collected and compiled.
Crime data in India are collected and published by NCRB.
The data reported in this publication is based on the crime reported to local police stations.
Police stations getting information about the crime is one thing and such incidents being recorded as an FIR is another.
Challenges of a complainant – All kinds of pressures and obstacles are put on a complainant, especially when the nature of crime is that of sexual assault, domestic violence or when it involves family members, relatives or powerful people.
There is enormous resistance put up by the police station personnel in registering such crimes or reducing the seriousness of the incident.
The NCRB data fall short of expectations in many respects.
It is short on information about crime victims and witnesses.

The potential of a victimisation survey:

A victimisation survey is often seen as a solution to such shortcomings.
Many countries have conducted victimisation surveys to supplement their official crime data, India has yet to make a start.
Such surveys reveal details that are missed out by the local police.
They describe how crime has impacted the lives of victims and convey their safety concerns.
These surveys gather information through personal or telephonic interviews with a set of people who represent the geographical and social correlates of a city or state over a period of time.
The information may detail the victimisation suffered by a person but not recorded by the police for a variety of reasons.
The other data include risk and vulnerability, perceptions about the local police and the views of people about the criminal justice system.

Indian crime data – road ahead:

India-specific yardsticks, which the NCRB does not cover, could be evolved.
There could be several challenges to such surveys. People might not reveal more than what they have divulged to the police.
There are several methodological innovations to overcome bottlenecks.
It should be assigned to an institution that specialises in criminology, victimology and criminal justice administration.

Source: Indian Express

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