Launch Vehicle Mark 3

• OneWeb's 36 satellites were recently orbited successfully by the Launch Vehicle Mark 3 (LVM3 or GSLV Mark 3) rocket, the heaviest rocket ever built by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO).
• Powered by a constellation of 648 Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, OneWeb is a global communications network.

LMV 3: What is it?

• The LVM3-M2 mission is a dedicated commercial mission for the company OneWeb, carried out by the Central Public Sector Enterprise(CPSE), NewSpace India Limited (NSIL).
• With 36 OneWeb Satellites to the LEO as the heaviest Payload Mass of LVM3 to date, it is the first multi-satellite mission.
• This most recent rocket can carry 8,000 kg of payloads into low-Earth orbit and 4,000 kg of satellites into geosynchronous transfer orbit.
• It is a three-stage launch vehicle with two solid propellant S200 strap-ons on each side and a core stage with an L110 liquid stage and a C25 cryogenic stage.

Features:

• LVM3's first commercial mission LVM3's first launch to LEO India's first rocket with a six-ton payload
• First NSIL Mission with LVM3 First NSIL/Department of Space OneWeb Mission

Technical accomplishments:

• Multiple satellite separation events must be handled.
• Nominal mission duration has been increased.
• Increasing the safe separation distance via C25 (cryo) stage re-orientation and velocity addition
• Ensuring data availability for the duration of the mission
• Development of a new payload adaptor and interface ring for satellite dispensers

What exactly is OneWeb Constellation?

• OneWeb Constellation operates in an LEO Polar Orbit, with satellites arranged in 12 rings (orbital planes), each with 49 satellites.
• The orbital planes are angled toward the poles (87.9 Deg.)
• The orbital planes are 1200 kilometres above Earth. Every 109 minutes, each satellite completes a full orbit around the Earth.
• Because the earth rotates beneath satellites, they are constantly flying over new ground locations.

What other launch vehicles has ISRO developed?

Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV):

• ISRO's first rocket was simply known as the SLV, or Satellite Launch Vehicle.

???????Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle (ASLV)

• ASLV, came next after SLV
• Both the SLV and the ASLV are capable of transporting small satellites weighing up to 150 kg to lower earth orbits.
• Before PSLV arrived on the scene, ASLV operated until the early 1990s.

Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV):

• PSLV launched for the first time in 1994 and has been ISRO's primary rocket ever since. Today's PSLV, on the other hand, is vastly improved and several orders of magnitude more powerful than those used in the 1990s.
• It is the first Indian launch vehicle to have liquid stages.
• PSLV is ISRO's most dependable rocket to date, with 52 of 54 flights successful.
• It successfully launched two spacecraft, Chandrayaan-1 in 2008 and Mars Orbiter Spacecraft in 2013, both of which travelled to the Moon and Mars.

GSLV (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle):

• The GSLV is a much more powerful rocket designed to transport heavier satellites much further into space. GSLV rockets have completed 18 missions to date, four of which were unsuccessful.
• Lowering the Earth's orbits can require 10,000 kg of satellites.
• The third stage of the GSLV Mk II is the indigenously developed Cryogenic Upper Stage (CUS).
• ISRO is now completely self-sufficient in satellite launch thanks to Mk-III versions.
• Previously, it relied on the European Arianne launch vehicle to deliver its heavier satellites into orbit.
• The GSLV Mark-III rocket launched the Chandrayaan-2 mission to the moon in 2019, marking the rocket's first operational flight.
• The GSLV Mark-III has been renamed Launch Vehicle Mark-III by ISRO.
• A GSLV, which stands for Geostationary Orbit (GEO), will continue to be used. The LVM3 will travel everywhere—GEO, MEO, LEO, and missions to the moon and sun.