SATAT initiative

About Biogas

• Energy produced from organic waste. Converted into energy by direct combustion or by conversion of such wastages into alcohol, methane, or other storage fuels.
• Bio-gas is produced naturally through process of anaerobic decomposition from waste and bio-mass sources like agriculture residue, cattle dung, municipal solid waste, farms, gardens, kitchen waste, night soil waste, sugarcane press mud, sewage treatment plant (STP) waste, etc. It contains 60-65% Methane, 35-40% CO2, 0.5-1% H2S and rest is water vapour.
• Gases emitted from Biogas = Methane (60-65%), CO2 (35-40%), Hydrogen Sulphide (0.5-1%), Ammonia and the rest is water vapour.

• National Biogas and Manure Management Programme (NBMMP)

  1. It is a Central Sector Scheme. Setting up of Family Type Biogas Plants mostly for rural and semi urban areas.
  2. Under MNRE and implemented by State nodal Agencies, KVIC, BDTCs.

• GOBARDHAN (Galvanizing Organic Bioagro Resource Dhan) Yojana

  1. To convert waste into Biogas & compost. = Benefit people + clean village + helping rural people especially women.
  2. Kerala installed 1st Biogas plant under Gobardhan Yojana.

Compressed Biogas (CBG)

• CBG is similar to commercially available natural gas in its composition and energy potential.
• It is produced naturally through a process of anaerobic decomposition from waste/bio-mass sources like agriculture residue, cattle dung, municipal solid waste etc.
• After purification, it is compressed and called CBG, which has pure methane content of over 90%.
• CBG can be used as an alternative, renewable automobile fuels & it is marketed through OMCs. It can also replace CNG in automotive, industrial and commercial uses.
• CBG to be brought under Priority Sector Lending.
• CBG potential is high in Tamil Nadu.

SATAT initiative (Sustainable Alternative Towards Affordable Transportation)

• Under MoPNG. To set up Compressed Biogas (CBG) production plants. It has 4 objectives:
  1. Utilising > 62 million metric tonnes of waste generated every year in India,
  2. Cutting down import dependence,
  3. Supplementing job creation in the country, and
  4. Reducing vehicular emissions and pollution from burning of agricultural/organic waste.
• Benefit both vehicle users - farmers & Entrepreneurs.
• Promise for Municipal SWM & tackle Air Pollution.

SATAT Initiative

Context: Indian Oil, NTPC and SDMC have signed an MoU to develop a waste-to-energy facility at Delhi's Okhla landfill site using gasification technology.

About the SATAT initiative:

• The initiative is aimed at providing a Sustainable Alternative To Affordable Transportation (SATAT) as a developmental effort that would benefit both vehicle users as well as farmers and entrepreneurs.
• Compressed Bio-Gas plants are proposed to be set up mainly through independent entrepreneurs.

How it work?

• CBG produced at these plants will be transported through cascades of cylinders to the fuel station networks of OMCs for marketing as a green transport fuel alternative.
• The entrepreneurs would be able to separately market the other by-products from these plants, including bio-manure, carbon dioxide, etc., to enhance returns on investment.
• This initiative is expected to generate direct employment for 75,000 people and produce 50 million tonnes of bio-manure for crops.

Benefits:

• Responsible waste management, reduction in carbon emissions and pollution.
• The additional revenue source for farmers. 3. Boost entrepreneurship, rural economy and employment.
• Support national commitments in achieving climate change goals.
• Reduction in import of natural gas and crude oil.
• Buffer against crude oil/gas price fluctuations.